{"id":100516,"date":"2026-08-22T18:14:22","date_gmt":"2026-08-22T15:14:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/?p=100516"},"modified":"2026-08-22T18:14:22","modified_gmt":"2026-08-22T15:14:22","slug":"e-cmr-electronic-consignment-note","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/blog\/e-cmr-scrisoare-trasura-electronica\/","title":{"rendered":"e-CMR: the electronic consignment note, how it works and where it\u2019s valid"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>e-CMR este scrisoarea de tr\u0103sur\u0103 emis\u0103 \u0219i semnat\u0103 electronic, cu exact aceea\u0219i valoare probatorie ca varianta pe h\u00e2rtie.<\/strong> Este permis\u0103 de Protocolul adi\u021bional la Conven\u021bia CMR, adoptat la Geneva pe 20 februarie 2008, la care Rom\u00e2nia a aderat prin Legea nr. 29\/2019 \u2014 \u00een vigoare pentru \u021bara noastr\u0103 din <strong>12 iunie 2019<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Condi\u021bia care conteaz\u0103 \u00een practic\u0103: e-CMR-ul poate fi folosit doar pe rutele unde <strong>ambele state implicate<\/strong> au aderat la protocol. Potrivit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iru.org\/what-we-do\/facilitating-trade-and-transit\/cmr\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">IRU<\/a>, din cele 58 de state p\u0103r\u021bi la Conven\u021bia CMR, 39 au ratificat sau au aderat p\u00e2n\u0103 acum la e-CMR. Dac\u0103 nu e\u0219ti familiarizat cu documentul \u00een sine, \u00eencepe cu ghidul despre <a href=\"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/blog\/cmr-scrisoare-de-trasura\/\">ce este CMR-ul<\/a> \u0219i cu cel despre <a href=\"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/blog\/model-cmr-completare\/\">completarea rubricilor<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce valoare juridic\u0103 are e-CMR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Art. 2 din protocol rezolv\u0103 chestiunea f\u0103r\u0103 ambiguitate: <strong>o scrisoare electronic\u0103 de tr\u0103sur\u0103 conform\u0103 cu protocolul \u201eeste considerat\u0103 echivalent\u0103 cu scrisoarea de \u00eenso\u021bire men\u021bionat\u0103 \u00een Conven\u021bie \u0219i, prin urmare, are aceea\u0219i valoare probatorie \u0219i produce acelea\u0219i efecte&#8221;<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mai mult, alin. 1 al aceluia\u0219i articol extinde forma electronic\u0103 dincolo de document: prin comunicare electronic\u0103 se pot face \u0219i <strong>\u201eorice cerere, declara\u021bie, instruc\u021biune, solicitare, rezervare sau alt\u0103 comunicare&#8221;<\/strong> referitoare la executarea contractului. Cu alte cuvinte, inclusiv rezervele la preluarea m\u0103rfii \u2014 c\u00e2mpul care decide cine pl\u0103te\u0219te paguba \u2014 pot fi f\u0103cute electronic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Unde este valabil e-CMR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Regula e simpl\u0103 \u0219i nu admite excep\u021bii: <strong>protocolul se aplic\u0103 \u00eentre state care sunt am\u00e2ndou\u0103 p\u0103r\u021bi la el<\/strong>. O curs\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia\u2013Ungaria poate merge pe e-CMR pentru c\u0103 ambele au aderat; o curs\u0103 c\u0103tre un stat care nu a aderat are nevoie de scrisoare pe h\u00e2rtie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lista se schimb\u0103 des \u2014 numai \u00een 2024 au aderat Austria, Ungaria, Italia \u0219i Armenia, iar \u00een 2026 s-au ad\u0103ugat alte state. <strong>Verific\u0103 statusul actualizat \u00eenainte de a renun\u021ba la formularele tipizate pe o rela\u021bie nou\u0103<\/strong>, \u00een lista oficial\u0103 a depozitarului ONU sau la asocia\u021bia de transportatori. Un e-CMR emis c\u0103tre un stat care nu a aderat nu este recunoscut ca document de transport valabil acolo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen practic\u0103, majoritatea flotelor rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti ruleaz\u0103 un regim mixt: e-CMR pe rela\u021biile acoperite \u0219i h\u00e2rtie pe restul, cu aceea\u0219i procedur\u0103 intern\u0103 pentru ambele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cum se semneaz\u0103: cele patru condi\u021bii ale semn\u0103turii electronice<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Art. 3 cere ca documentul s\u0103 fie autentificat de p\u0103r\u021bi printr-o <strong>semn\u0103tur\u0103 electronic\u0103 autentic\u0103<\/strong>. Autenticitatea se prezum\u0103, p\u00e2n\u0103 la proba contrarie, dac\u0103 semn\u0103tura \u00eendepline\u0219te cumulativ patru condi\u021bii:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Este <strong>\u00een mod unic legat\u0103 de semnatar<\/strong>;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Este <strong>capabil\u0103 s\u0103 identifice semnatarul<\/strong>;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Este creat\u0103 cu mijloace pe care semnatarul <strong>le poate men\u021bine sub controlul s\u0103u unic<\/strong>;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Este legat\u0103 de datele la care se refer\u0103 astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t <strong>orice schimbare ulterioar\u0103 a datelor s\u0103 fie detectabil\u0103<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Protocolul las\u0103 \u0219i o porti\u021b\u0103: alin. 2 accept\u0103 <strong>orice alt\u0103 metod\u0103 de autentificare electronic\u0103 permis\u0103 de legea \u021b\u0103rii \u00een care a fost \u00eentocmit documentul<\/strong>. Iar alin. 3 impune ca informa\u021biile s\u0103 fie accesibile oric\u0103rei p\u0103r\u021bi \u00een drept \u2014 nu po\u021bi \u021bine documentul \u00eenchis \u00eentr-un sistem la care destinatarul nu are acces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Integritatea datelor: ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u0219i de ce conteaz\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Art. 4 stabile\u0219te dou\u0103 cerin\u021be pe care orice platform\u0103 serioas\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 le \u00eendeplineasc\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Primul: acelea\u0219i date ca pe h\u00e2rtie.<\/strong> Scrisoarea electronic\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 con\u021bin\u0103 exact acelea\u0219i indica\u021bii ca cea clasic\u0103 \u2014 adic\u0103 datele obligatorii de la art. 6 din Conven\u021bie. Trecerea la digital nu scurteaz\u0103 lista.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Al doilea: integritatea informa\u021biilor<\/strong> din momentul \u00een care documentul a fost generat prima dat\u0103 \u00een forma sa final\u0103. Protocolul define\u0219te explicit ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 asta: \u201edatele au r\u0103mas complete \u0219i nemodificate, \u00een afar\u0103 de orice ad\u0103ugare sau schimbare care apare \u00een cursul normal al comunic\u0103rii, stoc\u0103rii \u0219i afi\u0219\u0103rii&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Complet\u0103rile \u0219i modific\u0103rile sunt permise \u00een cazurile autorizate de Conven\u021bie, dar procedura trebuie <strong>s\u0103 permit\u0103 detectarea oric\u0103rei modific\u0103ri \u0219i s\u0103 p\u0103streze datele ini\u021biale<\/strong>. Practic: un e-CMR corect nu se \u201eediteaz\u0103&#8221; \u2014 se versioneaz\u0103, cu istoric vizibil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce trebuie stabilit \u00eenainte de prima curs\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Art. 5 oblig\u0103 p\u0103r\u021bile implicate s\u0103 convin\u0103 \u00een prealabil asupra procedurilor de lucru. Folose\u0219te lista ca pe un checklist la implementare \u2014 sunt exact punctele pe care protocolul le enumer\u0103:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Metoda de <strong>emitere \u0219i livrare<\/strong> a e-CMR-ului c\u0103tre partea destinat\u0103;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cum se asigur\u0103 <strong>integritatea<\/strong> documentului;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cum <strong>demonstreaz\u0103 drepturile<\/strong> partea \u00eendrept\u0103\u021bit\u0103 s\u0103 beneficieze de pe urma documentului;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cum se <strong>confirm\u0103 livrarea<\/strong> c\u0103tre destinatar;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Procedurile de <strong>completare sau modificare<\/strong>;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Procedurile de <strong>\u00eenlocuire a e-CMR-ului cu o scrisoare emis\u0103 prin alte mijloace<\/strong> \u2014 adic\u0103 planul de rezerv\u0103 pe h\u00e2rtie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alin. 2 adaug\u0103 o cerin\u021b\u0103 u\u0219or de ratat: <strong>procedurile convenite trebuie men\u021bionate chiar \u00een e-CMR \u0219i s\u0103 poat\u0103 fi verificate cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103<\/strong>. Nu e suficient s\u0103 existe \u00eentr-un contract-cadru din sertar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Art. 6 completeaz\u0103: transportatorul trebuie s\u0103 transmit\u0103 expeditorului, la cerere, o confirmare de primire a m\u0103rfurilor \u0219i informa\u021biile necesare pentru identificarea expedierii \u0219i accesul la document. Iar documentele anexe (cele de la art. 6 alin. 2 lit. g \u0219i art. 11 din Conven\u021bie) pot fi \u0219i ele electronice, dac\u0103 p\u0103r\u021bile au convenit o procedur\u0103 care leag\u0103 aceste documente de e-CMR f\u0103r\u0103 a le afecta integritatea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">e-CMR \u0219i eFTI: ce se schimb\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2027<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sunt dou\u0103 lucruri diferite, care se confund\u0103 des.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>e-CMR<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>eFTI<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Protocol adi\u021bional ONU la Conven\u021bia CMR (2008)<\/td><td>Regulamentul (UE) 2020\/1056<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Digitalizeaz\u0103 <em>scrisoarea de tr\u0103sur\u0103<\/em> \u00eentre p\u0103r\u021bile contractului<\/td><td>Reglementeaz\u0103 <em>schimbul de informa\u021bii<\/em> \u00eentre operatori \u0219i autorit\u0103\u021bi<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Se aplic\u0103 \u00eentre statele care au aderat la protocol<\/td><td>Se aplic\u0103 \u00een toate statele membre UE<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Op\u021bional, prin acordul p\u0103r\u021bilor<\/td><td>Oblig\u0103 <strong>autorit\u0103\u021bile<\/strong> s\u0103 accepte informa\u021biile electronice<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">e-CMR prive\u0219te documentul de transport; eFTI prive\u0219te obliga\u021bia autorit\u0103\u021bilor de a accepta date electronice.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Regulamentul eFTI se aplic\u0103 de la <strong>21 august 2024<\/strong>, dar obliga\u021bia propriu-zis\u0103 a autorit\u0103\u021bilor vine mai t\u00e2rziu: potrivit art. 5 alin. 1, autorit\u0103\u021bile competente accept\u0103 informa\u021biile de reglementare puse la dispozi\u021bie electronic <strong>\u00eencep\u00e2nd cu 30 de luni de la intrarea \u00een vigoare a primului dintre actele delegate \u0219i de punere \u00een aplicare<\/strong> prev\u0103zute la art. 7 \u0219i 8. Cum primul act de punere \u00een aplicare a fost adoptat \u00een decembrie 2024, termenul care rezult\u0103 \u0219i care circul\u0103 \u00een industrie este <strong>9 iulie 2027<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Concluzia practic\u0103 pentru un transportator rom\u00e2n: e-CMR-ul este deja utilizabil ast\u0103zi, prin acordul p\u0103r\u021bilor, iar din 2027 presiunea de digitalizare vine \u0219i dinspre autorit\u0103\u021bi. O flot\u0103 care \u00ee\u0219i pune procedurile la punct acum nu va face conversia sub termen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce c\u00e2\u0219tigi practic din e-CMR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dispare exemplarul pierdut.<\/strong> Cea mai frecvent\u0103 cauz\u0103 de facturare \u00eent\u00e2rziat\u0103 este CMR-ul semnat care nu ajunge \u00eenapoi la sediu;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Facturezi mai repede<\/strong>, pentru c\u0103 dovada livr\u0103rii e disponibil\u0103 \u00een momentul semn\u0103rii la ramp\u0103, nu peste o s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rezervele sunt lizibile \u0219i datate<\/strong>, cu fotografii ata\u0219ate \u2014 spre deosebire de o noti\u021b\u0103 scris\u0103 de m\u00e2n\u0103 pe o fil\u0103 autocopiant\u0103;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Orele de sosire \u0219i plecare<\/strong> se \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 automat, nu se completeaz\u0103 din memorie;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Arhivarea<\/strong> nu mai depinde de bibliorafturi \u0219i de curier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ultimele dou\u0103 se leag\u0103 direct de datele pe care le are deja o flot\u0103 monitorizat\u0103. Sistemul de <a href=\"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/solutii-monitorizare-gps-cargotrack\/\">monitorizare GPS CargoTrack<\/a> \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 automat momentul intr\u0103rii \u0219i ie\u0219irii din perimetrul locului de \u00eenc\u0103rcare sau desc\u0103rcare, iar <a href=\"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/solutii-monitorizare-gps-arhiva-documente\/\">modulul de arhiv\u0103 documente<\/a> \u021bine laolalt\u0103 actele fiec\u0103rei curse. <a href=\"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/contact\/\">Discut\u0103 cu echipa CargoTrack<\/a> dac\u0103 vrei s\u0103 vezi cum se leag\u0103 aceste date de fluxul t\u0103u de documente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00centreb\u0103ri frecvente despre e-CMR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ce este e-CMR?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">e-CMR este scrisoarea de tr\u0103sur\u0103 emis\u0103 prin comunicare electronic\u0103 \u0219i semnat\u0103 electronic, \u00een baza Protocolului adi\u021bional la Conven\u021bia CMR din 20 februarie 2008. Conform art. 2 din protocol, are aceea\u0219i valoare probatorie \u0219i produce acelea\u0219i efecte ca scrisoarea de tr\u0103sur\u0103 pe h\u00e2rtie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Este valabil e-CMR \u00een Rom\u00e2nia?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Da. Rom\u00e2nia a aderat la Protocolul adi\u021bional prin Legea nr. 29\/2019, publicat\u0103 \u00een Monitorul Oficial nr. 61 din 23 ianuarie 2019, iar protocolul a intrat \u00een vigoare pentru Rom\u00e2nia la 12 iunie 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00cen ce \u021b\u0103ri poate fi folosit e-CMR?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Doar pe rutele unde ambele state implicate au aderat la Protocolul adi\u021bional. Potrivit IRU, din cele 58 de state p\u0103r\u021bi la Conven\u021bia CMR, 39 au ratificat sau au aderat la e-CMR. Lista se actualizeaz\u0103 frecvent, a\u0219a c\u0103 statusul trebuie verificat \u00eenainte de a renun\u021ba la formularele pe h\u00e2rtie pe o rela\u021bie nou\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ce fel de semn\u0103tur\u0103 electronic\u0103 este necesar\u0103 pentru e-CMR?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O semn\u0103tur\u0103 electronic\u0103 autentic\u0103, a c\u0103rei autenticitate se prezum\u0103 dac\u0103 este legat\u0103 \u00een mod unic de semnatar, \u00eel poate identifica, este creat\u0103 cu mijloace aflate sub controlul s\u0103u unic \u0219i este legat\u0103 de date astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t orice modificare ulterioar\u0103 s\u0103 fie detectabil\u0103. Protocolul accept\u0103 \u0219i alte metode de autentificare permise de legea \u021b\u0103rii unde s-a \u00eentocmit documentul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Se pot face rezerve la marf\u0103 \u00eentr-un e-CMR?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Da. Art. 2 alin. 1 din protocol prevede c\u0103 orice cerere, declara\u021bie, instruc\u021biune, solicitare, rezervare sau alt\u0103 comunicare privind executarea contractului de transport poate fi realizat\u0103 prin comunicare electronic\u0103, deci inclusiv rezervele transportatorului la preluarea m\u0103rfii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Care este diferen\u021ba dintre e-CMR \u0219i eFTI?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">e-CMR este scrisoarea de tr\u0103sur\u0103 \u00een format electronic, reglementat\u0103 printr-un protocol ONU \u0219i folosit\u0103 prin acordul p\u0103r\u021bilor contractului. eFTI, reglementat prin Regulamentul (UE) 2020\/1056, prive\u0219te schimbul de informa\u021bii \u00eentre operatori \u0219i autorit\u0103\u021bi \u0219i oblig\u0103 autorit\u0103\u021bile competente s\u0103 accepte informa\u021biile transmise electronic \u2014 termen care rezult\u0103 din regulament, indicat \u00een industrie ca 9 iulie 2027.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n  \"mainEntity\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Ce este e-CMR?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"e-CMR este scrisoarea de tr\u0103sur\u0103 emis\u0103 prin comunicare electronic\u0103 \u0219i semnat\u0103 electronic, \u00een baza Protocolului adi\u021bional la Conven\u021bia CMR din 20 februarie 2008. Conform art. 2 din protocol, are aceea\u0219i valoare probatorie \u0219i produce acelea\u0219i efecte ca scrisoarea de tr\u0103sur\u0103 pe h\u00e2rtie.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Este valabil e-CMR \u00een Rom\u00e2nia?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Da. Rom\u00e2nia a aderat la Protocolul adi\u021bional prin Legea nr. 29\/2019, publicat\u0103 \u00een Monitorul Oficial nr. 61 din 23 ianuarie 2019, iar protocolul a intrat \u00een vigoare pentru Rom\u00e2nia la 12 iunie 2019.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"\u00cen ce \u021b\u0103ri poate fi folosit e-CMR?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Doar pe rutele unde ambele state implicate au aderat la Protocolul adi\u021bional. Potrivit IRU, din cele 58 de state p\u0103r\u021bi la Conven\u021bia CMR, 39 au ratificat sau au aderat la e-CMR. Lista se actualizeaz\u0103 frecvent, a\u0219a c\u0103 statusul trebuie verificat \u00eenainte de a renun\u021ba la formularele pe h\u00e2rtie pe o rela\u021bie nou\u0103.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Ce fel de semn\u0103tur\u0103 electronic\u0103 este necesar\u0103 pentru e-CMR?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"O semn\u0103tur\u0103 electronic\u0103 autentic\u0103, a c\u0103rei autenticitate se prezum\u0103 dac\u0103 este legat\u0103 \u00een mod unic de semnatar, \u00eel poate identifica, este creat\u0103 cu mijloace aflate sub controlul s\u0103u unic \u0219i este legat\u0103 de date astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t orice modificare ulterioar\u0103 s\u0103 fie detectabil\u0103. Protocolul accept\u0103 \u0219i alte metode de autentificare permise de legea \u021b\u0103rii unde s-a \u00eentocmit documentul.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Se pot face rezerve la marf\u0103 \u00eentr-un e-CMR?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Da. Art. 2 alin. 1 din protocol prevede c\u0103 orice cerere, declara\u021bie, instruc\u021biune, solicitare, rezervare sau alt\u0103 comunicare privind executarea contractului de transport poate fi realizat\u0103 prin comunicare electronic\u0103, deci inclusiv rezervele transportatorului la preluarea m\u0103rfii.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Care este diferen\u021ba dintre e-CMR \u0219i eFTI?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"e-CMR este scrisoarea de tr\u0103sur\u0103 \u00een format electronic, reglementat\u0103 printr-un protocol ONU \u0219i folosit\u0103 prin acordul p\u0103r\u021bilor contractului. eFTI, reglementat prin Regulamentul (UE) 2020\/1056, prive\u0219te schimbul de informa\u021bii \u00eentre operatori \u0219i autorit\u0103\u021bi \u0219i oblig\u0103 autorit\u0103\u021bile competente s\u0103 accepte informa\u021biile transmise electronic \u2014 termen care rezult\u0103 din regulament, indicat \u00een industrie ca 9 iulie 2027.\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-right kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;100516&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Rate this post&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 - (0 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;e-CMR: scrisoarea de tr\u0103sur\u0103 electronic\u0103, cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u0219i unde e valabil\u0103&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 0px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">Rate this post<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>e-CMR este scrisoarea de tr\u0103sur\u0103 emis\u0103 \u0219i semnat\u0103 electronic, cu exact aceea\u0219i valoare probatorie ca varianta pe h\u00e2rtie. Este permis\u0103 de Protocolul adi\u021bional la Conven\u021bia CMR, adoptat la Geneva pe 20 februarie 2008, la care Rom\u00e2nia a aderat prin Legea nr. 29\/2019 \u2014 \u00een vigoare pentru \u021bara noastr\u0103 din 12 iunie 2019. Condi\u021bia care conteaz\u0103 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":100517,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[68,96],"tags":[],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-100516","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-legislatie-transport","category-management-flote"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100516","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=100516"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100516\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":100518,"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/100516\/revisions\/100518"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/100517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=100516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=100516"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=100516"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cargotrack.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_folder?post=100516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}