In short: OUG 115/2023 extended the RO e-Transport system from high fiscal risk goods to all international road transport of goods. The Romanian recipient, supplier, or warehouse keeper must obtain the UIT code before the goods hit the road, and the vehicle must be fitted with a device that transmits its position via satellite. Now that the transition period has ended, violations are actively penalized, with fines of up to 100,000 lei.
OUG 115/15.12.2023 brought a major change to the E-TRANSPORT reporting system.
Until December 15, 2023, only high fiscal risk goods were reported in the E-TRANSPORT system; starting December 15, 2023, every international road transport of goods must also be reported.
- Categories of monitored transport: Transport of goods coming from the EU (entering Romania) – from the border crossing point of entry to the unloading location in Romania.
- Transport of goods delivered to the EU (leaving Romania) – from the loading location in Romania to the border crossing point of exit from Romania.
- Transport of imported goods (from outside the EU) – from the customs office of import (airport, seaport, border, etc.) to the unloading location in Romania.
- Transport of goods sent for export (outside the EU) – from the loading location in Romania to the customs office of export (airport, seaport, border, etc.).
E-TRANSPORT – Who is required to register the transport:
• The Romanian recipient, for goods entering Romania, whether purchased from within or outside the EU.
• The Romanian supplier, for goods leaving Romania, whether delivered within or outside the EU.
• The warehouse keeper, in the case of successive transports. The warehouse keeper may be the haulier itself if it changes the vehicle along the route, a logistics company operating a warehouse where the transport company changes, courier companies, etc.
Transport companies should be aware that they are not allowed to enter the country or leave the loading location in Romania without receiving the UIT code.
Din 1 iulie 2024 (1 ianuarie 2025 pentru operatorii economici autorizați AEO), nedeclararea se sancționează cu amenzi între 10.000 și 50.000 de lei pentru persoane fizice, respectiv între 20.000 și 100.000 de lei pentru persoane juridice.
E-Seal
A lesser-known provision of the above-mentioned law is the monitoring of the vehicle while in transit (in real time). The haulier is required to equip the vehicle with a device (a terminal-type unit) that uses satellite positioning and data transmission technologies.
Dispoziția este în vigoare din 15.12.2023, iar după mai multe amânări (ultima prin OUG 29/2025), se sancționează efectiv din 1 ianuarie 2026. Pentru firma de transport, amenzile sunt cuprinse între 20.000 și 100.000 de lei (10.000–50.000 lei pentru persoane fizice), iar șoferul care nu pornește dispozitivul riscă între 5.000 și 10.000 de lei.
Frequently Asked Questions About the RO e-Transport System and the UIT Code
Which transports must be declared in the e-Transport system after the changes introduced by OUG 115/2023?
All international road transport of goods must be declared, not just shipments of high fiscal risk goods. This covers goods purchased in the EU and brought into Romania, from the border crossing point to the unloading location; goods delivered from Romania to another member state; imports from outside the EU, from the customs office to unloading; and exports, from the loading location to the customs office of exit.
Who is required to obtain the UIT code: the haulier or the company selling the goods?
The obligation lies with the Romanian recipient for goods entering the country, whether they come from the EU or from outside it, and with the Romanian supplier for goods leaving the country. For successive transports, the declaration is made by the warehouse keeper, which may be the haulier itself changing vehicles along the route, a logistics company with an intermediate warehouse, or a courier company. The haulier alone does not file the declaration.
Can a truck set off without a UIT code?
No. Without a UIT code obtained in advance, the vehicle cannot enter Romania or depart from the pickup point located in Romania. The code must be written on the transport document legibly, with no erasures or additions, and presented to inspection authorities throughout the entire trip, together with the other documents accompanying the goods.
What fines apply if the transport is not declared in e-Transport?
Pentru nedeclararea transportului sau lipsa codului UIT, amenzile sunt cuprinse între 10.000 și 50.000 de lei pentru persoane fizice și între 20.000 și 100.000 de lei pentru persoane juridice. Perioada de tranziție fără sancțiuni s-a încheiat, astfel că abaterile se sancționează efectiv. La recidivă, pe lângă amendă se confiscă 15%, 50% sau 100% din contravaloarea bunurilor nedeclarate (a doua, a treia, respectiv a patra abatere).
What does the GPS vehicle monitoring requirement in e-Transport involve?
Transportatorul este obligat să echipeze vehiculul cu un terminal care determină poziția prin satelit și o transmite mai departe, astfel încât autoritatea fiscală să poată urmări deplasarea în timp real. Este o cerință distinctă de obținerea codului UIT. Nerespectarea ei de către firma de transport se sancționează, din 1 ianuarie 2026, cu amendă cuprinsă între 20.000 și 100.000 de lei; șoferul care nu pornește dispozitivul riscă 5.000–10.000 de lei.
How does the declaration requirement differ for domestic versus international transport?
Pe teritoriul României, declararea rămâne legată de bunurile cu risc fiscal ridicat și se aplică numai partidelor care depășesc pragurile de greutate sau de valoare stabilite prin lege. La transportul rutier internațional, extins prin OUG 115/2023, obligația de a obține codul UIT există indiferent de natura mărfii, dar se aplică aceleași praguri: vehicul de cel puțin 2,5 tone și partidă de peste 500 kg sau 10.000 lei. Verificați lista actualizată a bunurilor cu risc fiscal ridicat înainte de fiecare cursă internă.
What should I do if the vehicle or route changes after the UIT code has been generated?
The declaration in the RO e-Transport system must be updated before the goods continue their journey. During inspections, authorities check whether the actual trip details match those declared: the vehicle, the route, and the validity period of the UIT code. Discrepancies are treated as violations and may be penalized, even if the transport was initially declared correctly.
